顯示具有 屠格涅夫 標籤的文章。 顯示所有文章
顯示具有 屠格涅夫 標籤的文章。 顯示所有文章

2010年4月23日 星期五

Ivan Turgenev 伊凡· 屠格涅夫



伊凡·謝爾蓋耶維奇·屠格涅夫(俄語:Иван Сергеевич Тургенев;英語:Ivan Sergeevich Turgenev,俄國批判現實主義小說家、詩人和劇作家。1818~1883)

 

伊凡·謝爾蓋耶維奇·屠格涅夫於1818年生於俄羅斯中部的奧略爾省的一個貴族家庭。他的父親謝爾蓋·尼古拉耶維奇是個性情溫和的退職軍官,母親瓦爾瓦拉·彼得羅芙娜則是個脾氣暴躁的農奴主。屠格涅夫的童年和少年時代是在他家的莊園斯巴斯科耶·路德維諾沃度過的。母親的專橫和暴戾給少年時代的屠格涅夫留下陰暗的回憶,而父親的溫文爾雅也給他以深刻的印象。後來屠格涅夫在自己的作品《木木》和《初戀》裡,分別寫到了他的母親和父親。1827年屠格涅夫全家遷居莫斯科。1838年屠格涅夫進莫斯科大學學習,一年後他轉入彼得堡大學,1837年畢業於彼得堡大學哲學系語言專業。1838年屠格涅夫去德國柏林大學攻讀哲學,1841年回國。還是在大學時代,屠格涅夫就開始了文學創作,寫過一些詩歌作品,並創作了詩劇《斯捷諾》。1843年是屠格涅夫生活史和創作史上有特殊意義的一年,這一年,屠格涅夫出版了長詩《帕拉莎》,這是他的第一部公開發表的大型作品。屠格涅夫因這部長詩結識別林斯基,並得到別林斯基的讚賞。這對屠格涅夫一生的創作都有重要的意義,誠如作家後來所說的,別林斯基與他的《給果戈理的一封信》是自己的「全部信仰」。也是在這一年,屠格涅夫結識了法國著名女歌唱家波裡娜·維亞爾多,並終生與她和她的一家保持著親密的關係,而這也是屠格涅夫長年僑居在國外的主要原因之一。1847年屠格涅夫在《現代人》雜誌上發表了一篇隨筆作品《霍爾與卡裡內奇》,獲得他意想不到的巨大成功,於是他便一發而不可止地寫作了20餘篇這樣的隨筆作品,在社會上和文學界產生巨大影響。這就是後來結集出版的《獵人筆記》,它給屠格涅夫帶來了巨大的文學聲譽。與此同時,屠格涅夫還創作了一系列戲劇作品,其中最著名的有《食客》、《鄉村一月》等,這些後來被人們稱之為「抒情心理劇」的作品雖不是屠格涅夫主要的文學成就,但當年俄羅斯劇壇正處於蕭條時期,所以它們在當年確有某種填補空白的意義,從而在俄羅斯戲劇史上佔有一席位置。1852年果戈理逝世,屠格涅夫不顧當局的禁令,發表了悼念果戈理的文章,當局便以「違反審查條例」的罪名逮捕了屠格涅夫。屠格涅夫在彼得堡拘留了一個月後,被遣送到原籍斯巴斯科耶由當地警察機關看管,時間長達一年之久。在這期間,屠格涅夫完成了著名的反農奴制的中篇小說《木木》。1853年他獲准返回彼得堡,進步文學界為他重獲自由舉行了歡迎會。從50年代起,屠格涅夫的創作重心開始轉移到小說領域。他先在一系列中篇小說中塑造出他所熟悉的貴族知識分子的形象,像《多餘人日記》、《僻靜的角落》和《阿霞》等就是這樣的作品。在俄羅斯文學中,所謂「多餘人」這一專用名詞就是在《多餘人日記》發表後才廣為流傳的。而《阿霞》的問世更是引起批評界的好評,車爾尼雪夫斯基還專門為這個中篇寫了長篇論文,這就是在俄羅斯文學批評史上佔有很高地位的《幽會中的俄羅斯人》。在這篇論文中,車爾尼雪夫斯基稱《阿霞》為當時文壇上的「幾乎是唯一的優秀之作」。後來,他用更大型的形式即長篇小說進一步深化貴族知識分子的題材,創作出著名的,作家先後發表6部長篇小說,它們成了俄國19世紀40~70年代社會生活的藝術編年史。60年代初期,屠格涅夫的創作達到高峰,創作出《前夜》(1860)和《父與子》(1862)。他把筆觸從貴族知識分子身上轉移到平民知識分子身上,表現了俄羅斯社會的發展趨勢,傳達出時代的要求。這兩部作品的問世在社會上激起巨大的反響,引起激烈的論爭,其激烈程度在俄羅斯文學史上是前所未有的。這一時期,屠格涅夫還創作出中篇名作《初戀》。60年代後期,屠格涅夫長年居住在國外。這期間他結識了許多外國著名作家,他與法國作家如喬治·桑、福樓拜、都德、左拉和莫伯桑等都有密切的關係。他向西歐介紹俄羅斯文學,特別是介紹普希金和列夫·托爾斯泰的作品。60年代,他創作了長篇小說《煙》(1867)。《羅亭》,寫貴族知識分子的作用問題。主人公羅亭是他生活時代的「多餘的人」。《貴族之家》,也是一部描寫「多餘的人」的小說。主人公拉夫列茨基最終無可奈何地退出了人生戰場,表明貴族知識分子歷史作用的終結。《前夜》是作家轉向以「新人」——平民知識分子為主人公的第一部小說,女主人公葉蓮娜是追求自由和解放新女性形象。《父與子》著力描寫俄國自己的「新人」。父輩指老一代貴族,「子」輩指新一代平民知識分子。小說深刻揭示了這兩代人的矛盾和衝突。《煙》反映出農奴制改革的有名無實。《處女地》則直接反映70年代民粹派所發動的「到民間去」這一社會運動。作者以自己的漸進論觀點去評價這一運動,而把希望寄托在改良主義者沙羅明身上。 屠格涅夫的作品 ,還有《浮士德》、《阿霞》、《初戀》、《春潮》等中篇小說以及晚期的《散文詩》等。 給屠格涅夫 帶來巨大聲譽 的是他由22篇特 寫和短篇小說組成的《獵人筆記》,全書有統一的主題,即對封建農奴制度的揭露和抗議。所寫的眾多人物,主要可分為截然對立的兩大類:一類是作者「從以前沒有任何人這樣接近過的」視角去描寫的農民形象,另一類則是作者懷著憎惡之情加以刻畫的地主形象,通過對兩類人物的不同態度和評價清楚顯示了作者的人道主義和民主主義的思想傾向。作品中對大自然富有詩意的描寫和敘述中的抒情筆調,增添了它的藝術魅力。屠格涅夫是 19 世紀俄國有世界 聲譽的現實主義藝術大師。他的小說不僅迅速及時地反映了當時的俄國社會現實 ,而且善於通過生動的情節和恰當的言語、行動,通過對大自然情境交融的描述,塑造出許多栩栩如生的人物形象。他的語言簡潔、樸質、精確、優美,為俄羅斯語言的規範化作出了重要貢獻。中國早在1917年就開始翻譯介紹屠格涅夫的小說,現在幾乎他所有的主要作品都有了中譯本,一些名作還有多種譯本。 70年代,屠格涅夫定居法國。這一時期他創作了一系列所謂「回憶的中篇」,如《草原上的李爾王》、《普寧與巴布寧》和《春潮》等。1877年,屠格涅夫發表了他的最後一部長篇小說《處女地》。在生命的最後幾年裡,遠離俄羅斯祖國的屠格涅夫在病榻上寫就了83篇散文詩作品,表達了他暮年的情懷。在某種意義上說,《散文詩》是屠格涅夫整個生命和藝術的總結,融匯了他一生創作的特點:愛國主義、民主精神、悲觀情緒、真誠、善良;敏銳、抒情、哲理、簡潔。它既是屠格涅夫人格的寫照,又是屠格涅夫藝術的結晶;既是屠格涅夫思想和情感的履歷表,又是屠格涅夫全部創作的大綱。屠格涅夫於1883年8月22日病逝於巴黎。根據作家生前的遺囑,他的遺體被運回俄國,安葬在彼得堡的沃爾科夫墓地的別林斯基墓旁。

The District Doctor 城鎮醫生

獵人筆記(A Sportsman's Sketches)中的其中一篇故事 by Ivan S. Turgenev
One day in autumn on my way back from a remote part of the country I caught cold and fell ill. Fortunately the fever attacked me in the district town at the inn; I sent for the doctor. In half-an-hour the district doctor appeared, a thin, dark-haired man of middle height. He prescribed me the usual sudorific, ordered a mustard-plaster to be put on, very deftly slid a five-ruble note up his sleeve, coughing drily and looking away as he did so, and then was getting up to go home, but somehow fell into talk and remained. I was exhausted with feverishness; I foresaw a sleepless night, and was glad of a little chat with a pleasant companion. Tea was served. My doctor began to converse freely. He was a sensible fellow, and expressed himself with vigour and some humour. Queer things happen in the world: you may live a long while with some people, and be on friendly terms with them, and never once speak openly with them from your soul; with others you have scarcely time to get acquainted, and all at once you are pouring out to him--or he to you--all your secrets, as though you were at confession. I don't know how I gained the confidence of my new friend--anyway, with nothing to lead up to it, he told me a rather curious incident; and here I will report his tale for the information of the indulgent reader. I will try to tell it in the doctor's own words.

"You don't happen to know," he began in a weak and quavering voice (the common result of the use of unmixed Berezov snuff); "you don't happen to know the judge here, Mylov, Pavel Lukich?... You don't know him?... Well, it's all the same." (He cleared his throat and rubbed his eyes.) "Well, you see, the thing happened, to tell you exactly without mistake, in Lent, at the very time of the thaws. I was sitting at his house--our judge's, you know--playing preference. Our judge is a good fellow, and fond of playing preference. Suddenly" (the doctor made frequent use of this word, suddenly) "they tell me, 'There's a servant asking for you.' I say, 'What does he want?' They say, He has brought a note--it must be from a patient.' 'Give me the note,' I say. So it is from a patient--well and good--you understand--it's our bread and butter... But this is how it was: a lady, a widow, writes to me; she says, 'My daughter is dying. Come, for God's sake!' she says, 'and the horses have been sent for you.'... Well, that's all right. But she was twenty miles from the town, and it was midnight out of doors, and the roads in such a state, my word! And as she was poor herself, one could not expect more than two silver rubles, and even that problematic; and perhaps it might only be a matter of a roll of linen and a sack of oatmeal in payment. However, duty, you know, before everything: a fellow-creature may be dying. I hand over my cards at once to Kalliopin, the member of the provincial commission, and return home. I look; a wretched little trap was standing at the steps, with peasant's horses, fat--too fat--and their coat as shaggy as felt; and the coachman sitting with his cap off out of respect. Well, I think to myself, 'It's clear, my friend, these patients aren't rolling in riches.'... You smile; but I tell you, a poor man like me has to take everything into consideration... If the coachman sits like a prince, and doesn't touch his cap, and even sneers at you behind his beard, and flicks his whip--then you may bet on six rubles. But this case, I saw, had a very different air. However, I think there's no help for it; duty before everything. I snatch up the most necessary drugs, and set off. Will you believe it? I only just managed to get there at all. The road was infernal: streams, snow, watercourses, and the dyke had suddenly burst there--that was the worst of it! However, I arrived at last. It was a little thatched house. There was a light in the windows; that meant they expected me. I was met by an old lady, very venerable, in a cap. 'Save her!' she says; 'she is dying.' I say, 'Pray don't distress yourself--Where is the invalid?' 'Come this way.' I see a clean little room, a lamp in the corner; on the bed a girl of twenty, unconscious. She was in a burning heat, and breathing heavily--it was fever. There were two other girls, her sisters, scared and in tears. 'Yesterday,' they tell me, 'she was perfectly well and had a good appetite; this morning she complained of her head, and this evening, suddenly, you see, like this.' I say again: 'Pray don't be uneasy.' It's a doctor's duty, you know--and I went up to her and bled her, told them to put on a mustard-plaster, and prescribed a mixture. Meantime I looked at her; I looked at her, you know--there, by God! I had never seen such a face!--she was a beauty, in a word! I felt quite shaken with pity. Such lovely features; such eyes!... But, thank God! she became easier; she fell into a perspiration, seemed to come to her senses, looked round, smiled, and passed her hand over her face... Her sisters bent over her. They ask, 'How are you?' 'All right,' she says, and turns away. I looked at her; she had fallen asleep. 'Well,' I say, 'now the patient should be left alone.' So we all went out on tiptoe; only a maid remained, in case she was wanted. In the parlour there was a samovar standing on the table, and a bottle of rum; in our profession one can't get on without it. They gave me tea; asked me to stop the night... I consented: where could I go, indeed, at that time of night? The old lady kept groaning. 'What is it?' I say; 'she will live; don't worry yourself; you had better take a little rest yourself; it is about two o'clock.' 'But will you send to wake me if anything happens?' 'Yes, yes.' The old lady went away, and the girls too went to their own room; they made up a bed for me in the parlour. Well, I went to bed--but I could not get to sleep, for a wonder! for in reality I was very tired. I could not get my patient out of my head. At last I could not put up with it any longer; I got up suddenly; I think to myself, 'I will go and see how the patient is getting on.' Her bedroom was next to the parlour. Well, I got up, and gently opened the door--how my heart beat! I looked in: the servant was asleep, her mouth wide open, and even snoring, the wretch! but the patient lay with her face towards me and her arms flung wide apart, poor girl! I went up to her ... when suddenly she opened her eyes and stared at me! 'Who is it? who is it?' I was in confusion. 'Don't be alarmed, madam,' I say; 'I am the doctor; I have come to see how you feel.' 'You the doctor?' 'Yes, the doctor; your mother sent for me from the town; we have bled you, madam; now pray go to sleep, and in a day or two, please God! we will set you on your feet again.' 'Ah, yes, yes, doctor, don't let me die... please, please.' 'Why do you talk like that? God bless you!' She is in a fever again, I think to myself; I felt her pulse; yes, she was feverish. She looked at me, and then took me by the hand. 'I will tell you why I don't want to die: I will tell you... Now we are alone; and only, please don't you ... not to any one ... Listen...' I bent down; she moved her lips quite to my ear; she touched my cheek with her hair--I confess my head went round--and began to whisper... I could make out nothing of it... Ah, she was delirious! ... She whispered and whispered, but so quickly, and as if it were not in Russian; at last she finished, and shivering dropped her head on the pillow, and threatened me with her finger: 'Remember, doctor, to no one.' I calmed her somehow, gave her something to drink, waked the servant, and went away."

At this point the doctor again took snuff with exasperated energy, and for a moment seemed stupefied by its effects.

"However," he continued, "the next day, contrary to my expectations, the patient was no better. I thought and thought, and suddenly decided to remain there, even though my other patients were expecting me... And you know one can't afford to disregard that; one's practice suffers if one does. But, in the first place, the patient was really in danger; and secondly, to tell the truth, I felt strongly drawn to her. Besides, I liked the whole family. Though they were really badly off, they were singularly, I may say, cultivated people... Their father had been a learned man, an author; he died, of course, in poverty, but he had managed before he died to give his children an excellent education; he left a lot of books too. Either because I looked after the invalid very carefully, or for some other reason; anyway, I can venture to say all the household loved me as if I were one of the family... Meantime the roads were in a worse state than ever; all communications, so to say, were cut off completely; even medicine could with difficulty be got from the town... The sick girl was not getting better... Day after day, and day after day ... but ... here..." (The doctor made a brief pause.) "I declare I don't know how to tell you."... (He again took snuff, coughed, and swallowed a little tea.) "I will tell you without beating about the bush. My patient ... how should I say?... Well she had fallen in love with me ... or, no, it was not that she was in love ... however ... really, how should one say?" (The doctor looked down and grew red.) "No," he went on quickly, "in love, indeed! A man should not over-estimate himself. She was an educated girl, clever and well-read, and I had even forgotten my Latin, one may say, completely. As to appearance" (the doctor looked himself over with a smile) "I am nothing to boast of there either. But God Almighty did not make me a fool; I don't take black for white; I know a thing or two; I could see very clearly, for instance that Aleksandra Andreyevna--that was her name--did not feel love for me, but had a friendly, so to say, inclination--a respect or something for me. Though she herself perhaps mistook this sentiment, anyway this was her attitude; you may form your own judgment of it. But," added the doctor, who had brought out all these disconnected sentences without taking breath, and with obvious embarrassment, "I seem to be wandering rather--you won't understand anything like this ... There, with your leave, I will relate it all in order."

He drank off a glass of tea, and began in a calmer voice.

"Well, then. My patient kept getting worse and worse. You are not a doctor, my good sir; you cannot understand what passes in a poor fellow's heart, especially at first, when he begins to suspect that the disease is getting the upper hand of him. What becomes of his belief in himself? You suddenly grow so timid; it's indescribable. You fancy then that you have forgotten everything you knew, and that the patient has no faith in you, and that other people begin to notice how distracted you are, and tell you the symptoms with reluctance; that they are looking at you suspiciously, whispering... Ah! it's horrid! There must be a remedy, you think, for this disease, if one could find it. Isn't this it? You try--no, that's not it! You don't allow the medicine the necessary time to do good... You clutch at one thing, then at another. Sometimes you take up a book of medical prescriptions--here it is, you think! Sometimes, by Jove, you pick one out by chance, thinking to leave it to fate... But meantime a fellow-creature's dying, and another doctor would have saved him. 'We must have a consultation,' you say; 'I will not take the responsibility on myself.' And what a fool you look at such times! Well, in time you learn to bear it; it's nothing to you. A man has died--but it's not your fault; you treated him by the rules. But what's still more torture to you is to see blind faith in you, and to feel yourself that you are not able to be of use. Well, it was just this blind faith that the whole of Aleksandra Andreyevna's family had in me; they had forgotten to think that their daughter was in danger. I, too, on my side assure them that it's nothing, but meantime my heart sinks into my boots. To add to our troubles, the roads were in such a state that the coachman was gone for whole days together to get medicine. And I never left the patient's room; I could not tear myself away; I tell her amusing stories, you know, and play cards with her. I watch by her side at night. The old mother thanks me with tears in her eyes; but I think to myself, 'I don't deserve your gratitude.' I frankly confess to you--there is no object in concealing it now--I was in love with my patient. And Aleksandra Andreyevna had grown fond of me; she would not sometimes let any one be in her room but me. She began to talk to me, to ask me questions; where I had studied, how I lived, who are my people, whom I go to see. I feel that she ought not to talk; but to forbid her to--to forbid her resolutely, you know--I could not. Sometimes I held my head in my hands, and asked myself, "What are you doing, villain?"... And she would take my hand and hold it, give me a long, long look, and turn away, sigh, and say, 'How good you are!' Her hands were so feverish, her eyes so large and languid... 'Yes,' she says, 'you are a good, kind man; you are not like our neighbours... No, you are not like that... Why did I not know you till now!' 'Aleksandra Andreyevna, calm yourself,' I say... 'I feel, believe me, I don't know how I have gained ... but there, calm yourself... All will be right; you will be well again.' And meanwhile I must tell you," continued the doctor, bending forward and raising his eyebrows, "that they associated very little with the neighbours, because the smaller people were not on their level, and pride hindered them from being friendly with the rich. I tell you, they were an exceptionally cultivated family; so you know it was gratifying for me. She would only take her medicine from my hands ... she would lift herself up, poor girl, with my aid, take it, and gaze at me... My heart felt as if it were bursting. And meanwhile she was growing worse and worse, worse and worse, all the time; she will die, I think to myself; she must die. Believe me, I would sooner have gone to the grave myself; and here were her mother and sisters watching me, looking into my eyes ... and their faith in me was wearing away. 'Well? how is she?' 'Oh, all right, all right!' All right, indeed! My mind was failing me. Well, I was sitting one night alone again by my patient. The maid was sitting there too, and snoring away in full swing; I can't find fault with the poor girl, though; she was worn out too. Aleksandra Andreyevna had felt very unwell all the evening; she was very feverish. Until midnight she kept tossing about; at last she seemed to fall asleep; at least, she lay still without stirring. The lamp was burning in the corner before the holy image. I sat there, you know, with my head bent; I even dozed a little. Suddenly it seemed as though some one touched me in the side; I turned round... Good God! Aleksandra Andreyevna was gazing with intent eyes at me ... her lips parted, her cheeks seemed burning. 'What is it?' 'Doctor, shall I die?' 'Merciful Heavens!' 'No, doctor, no; please don't tell me I shall live ... don't say so... If you knew... Listen! for God's sake don't conceal my real position,' and her breath came so fast. 'If I can know for certain that I must die ... then I will tell you all-- all!' 'Aleksandra Andreyevna, I beg!' 'Listen; I have not been asleep at all ... I have been looking at you a long while... For God's sake!... I believe in you; you are a good man, an honest man; I entreat you by all that is sacred in the world--tell me the truth! If you knew how important it is for me... Doctor, for God's sake tell me... Am I in danger?' 'What can I tell you, Aleksandra Andreyevna, pray?' 'For God's sake, I beseech you!' 'I can't disguise from you,' I say, 'Aleksandra Andreyevna; you are certainly in danger; but God is merciful.' 'I shall die, I shall die.' And it seemed as though she were pleased; her face grew so bright; I was alarmed. 'Don't be afraid, don't be afraid! I am not frightened of death at all.' She suddenly sat up and leaned on her elbow. 'Now ... yes, now I can tell you that I thank you with my whole heart ... that you are kind and good--that I love you!' I stare at her, like one possessed; it was terrible for me, you know. 'Do you hear, I love you!' 'Aleksandra Andreyevna, how have I deserved--' 'No, no, you don't--you don't understand me.'... And suddenly she stretched out her arms, and taking my head in her hands, she kissed it... Believe me, I almost screamed aloud... I threw myself on my knees, and buried my head in the pillow. She did not speak; her fingers trembled in my hair; I listen; she is weeping. I began to soothe her, to assure her... I really don't know what I did say to her. 'You will wake up the girl,' I say to her; 'Aleksandra Andreyevna, I thank you ... believe me ... calm yourself.' 'Enough, enough!' she persisted; 'never mind all of them; let them wake, then; let them come in--it does not matter; I am dying, you see... And what do you fear? why are you afraid? Lift up your head... Or, perhaps, you don't love me; perhaps I am wrong... In that case, forgive me.' 'Aleksandra Andreyevna, what are you saying!... I love you, Aleksandra Andreyevna.' She looked straight into my eyes, and opened her arms wide. 'Then take me in your arms.' I tell you frankly, I don't know how it was I did not go mad that night. I feel that my patient is killing herself; I see that she is not fully herself; I understand, too, that if she did not consider herself on the point of death, she would never have thought of me; and, indeed, say what you will, it's hard to die at twenty without having known love; this was what was torturing her; this was why, in, despair, she caught at me--do you understand now? But she held me in her arms, and would not let me go. 'Have pity on me, Aleksandra Andreyevna, and have pity on yourself,' I say. 'Why,' she says; 'what is there to think of? You know I must die.' ... This she repeated incessantly ... 'If I knew that I should return to life, and be a proper young lady again, I should be ashamed ... of course, ashamed ... but why now?' 'But who has said you will die?' 'Oh, no, leave off! you will not deceive me; you don't know how to lie--look at your face.' ... 'You shall live, Aleksandra Andreyevna; I will cure you; we will ask your mother's blessing ... we will be united--we will be happy.' 'No, no, I have your word; I must die ... you have promised me ... you have told me.' ... It was cruel for me--cruel for many reasons. And see what trifling things can do sometimes; it seems nothing at all, but it's painful. It occurred to her to ask me, what is my name; not my surname, but my first name. I must needs be so unlucky as to be called Trifon. Yes, indeed; Trifon Ivanich. Every one in the house called me doctor. However, there's no help for it. I say, 'Trifon, madam.' She frowned, shook her head, and muttered something in French--ah, something unpleasant, of course!--and then she laughed--disagreeably too. Well, I spent the whole night with her in this way. Before morning I went away, feeling as though I were mad. When I went again into her room it was daytime, after morning tea. Good God! I could scarcely recognise her; people are laid in their grave looking better than that. I swear to you, on my honour, I don't understand--I absolutely don't understand--now, how I lived through that experience. Three days and nights my patient still lingered on. And what nights! What things she said to me! And on the last night--only imagine to yourself--I was sitting near her, and kept praying to God for one thing only: 'Take her,' I said, 'quickly, and me with her.' Suddenly the old mother comes unexpectedly into the room. I had already the evening before told her---the mother--there was little hope, and it would be well to send for a priest. When the sick girl saw her mother she said: 'It's very well you have come; look at us, we love one another--we have given each other our word.' 'What does she say, doctor? what does she say?' I turned livid. 'She is wandering,' I say; 'the fever.' But she: 'Hush, hush; you told me something quite different just now, and have taken my ring. Why do you pretend? My mother is good--she will forgive--she will understand--and I am dying. ... I have no need to tell lies; give me your hand.' I jumped up and ran out of the room. The old lady, of course, guessed how it was.

"I will not, however, weary you any longer, and to me too, of course, it's painful to recall all this. My patient passed away the next day. God rest her soul!" the doctor added, speaking quickly and with a sigh. "Before her death she asked her family to go out and leave me alone with her."

"'Forgive me,' she said; 'I am perhaps to blame towards you ... my illness ... but believe me, I have loved no one more than you ... do not forget me ... keep my ring.'"

The doctor turned away; I took his hand.

"Ah!" he said, "let us talk of something else, or would you care to play preference for a small stake? It is not for people like me to give way to exalted emotions. There's only one thing for me to think of; how to keep the children from crying and the wife from scolding. Since then, you know, I have had time to enter into lawful wedlock, as they say... Oh ... I took a merchant's daughter--seven thousand for her dowry. Her name's Akulina; it goes well with Trifon. She is an ill-tempered woman, I must tell you, but luckily she's asleep all day... Well, shall it be preference?"

We sat down to preference for halfpenny points. Trifon Ivanich won two rubles and a half from me, and went home late, well pleased with his success.